24 Chuyên đề ôn thi THPT môn Tiếng Anh năm 2022 - Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)

Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
Câu 1: (Sở Hưng Yên)
Australians place a high value on independence and personal choice. This
means that a teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do, but will give
them a number of options and suggest they work out which one is the best in their
circumstances. It also means that they are expected to take action if something goes
wrong and seek out resources and support for themselves.
Australians are also prepared to accept a range of opinions rather than believing
there is one truth. This means that in an educational setting, students will be expected
to form their own opinions and defend the reasons for that point of view and the
evidence for it.
Australians are uncomfortable with differences in status and hence idealise the
idea of treating everyone equally. An illustration of this is that most adult Australians
call each other by their first names. This concern with equality means that Australians
are uncomfortable taking anything too seriously and are even ready to joke about
themselves.
Australians believe that life should have a balance between work and leisure
time. As a consequence, some students may be critical of others who they perceive as
doing nothing but study.
Australian notions of privacy mean that areas such as financial matters,
appearance and relationships are only discussed with close friends. While people may
volunteer such information, they may resent someone actually asking them unless the
friendship is firmly established. Even then, it is considered very impolite to ask
someone what they earn. With older people, it is also rude to ask how old they are,
why they are not married or why they do not have children. It is also impolite to ask
people how much they have paid for something, unless there is a very good reason for
asking.
(Adapted from Complete IELTS student book by Guy Brook Hart and Vanessa
Jakeman)
a)
Which best serves as the title for the passage ?
A. Australian culture B. The story about Australia
C. Australian culture shock D. What should we do when we come to Australia?
b)
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5?
A. Australian often ask each other their ages and tell each other about children.
B. It is polite when Australians ask each other about their salary.
C. It is wise to ask how old they are.
D. It is unacceptable to discuss financial issues with people you do not know well.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
c)
The word “them” in paragraph 1 refers to ___.
A. Students B. Australian C. circumstances D. options
d)
Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage ?
A. Australians are also prepared to accept a range of opinions.
B. Students in Australia will be expected to form their own opinions.
C. A teacher or course tutor will not tell students what to do.
D. Australians are always prepared to believe that there is one truth.
e)
The word “status” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ___.
A. Qualifications B. job C. marriage D. position
f)
In paragraph 3, most adult Australians call each other by their firs names because ___.
A. Calling each other by their first names make them more friendly.
B. Australians restrict class discrimination.
C. Australians are difficult to remember people’s surnames.
D. Australians get on well with each other.
g)
The word “critical” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ___.
A. Grateful B. complimentary C. appreciative D. faultfinding
Câu 2: (THPT chuyên Bắc Ninh)
One day, a middle-aged man asked a taxi to take him to see Chelsea play
Arsenal at football. He told the driver "Stamford Bridge", the name of Chelsea's
stadium, but he was delivered instead to the village of Stamford Bridge in Yorkshire.
Of course, he missed the match.
What had happened? With the Sat-Nav system in place, the driver in this story
felt he did not need to know where he was going. He confidently outsourced the job of
knowing this information to the Sat-Nav. Using an Internet search engine takes a
broadband user less than a second. And with smartphones at hand, people will be
online almost all of the time.
The same could be true of university education. Today, the average student
seems not to value general knowledge. If asked a factual question, they will usually
click on a search engine without a second thought. Actually knowing the fact and
committing it to memory does not seem to be an issue, it's the case with which we can
look it up.
However, general knowledge has never been something that you acquire
formally. Instead, we pick it up from all sorts of sources as we go along, often
absorbing facts without realising. The question remains, then: is the Internet
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
threatening general knowledge? When I put that to Moira Jones, expert in designing
IQ tests, she referred me to the story of the Egyptian god Thoth. It goes like this:
Thoth offers writing as a gift to the king of Egypt, declaring it an "elixir of memory
and wisdom." But the king is horrified, and tells him: "This invention will induce
forgetfulness in the souls of those who have learned it, because they will not need to
exercise their memories, being able to rely on what is written." Who wants to be a
millionaire finalist David Swift responding to the same question, recognizes that there
was a problem of young people saying: "I don't need to know that, but he is far more
excited about the educational potential of the Internet. "There is so much more
information out there, giving people opportunities to boost their general knowledge."
After all, the Internet might just help us to forget more and more. But
meanwhile, the continuing popularity of quizzes and game shows shows us that
general knowledge is strong enough to remain.
(Adapted from English Unlimited by Adrian Doll and Ben Goldstein)
a)
Which best serves as the title for passage ?
A. The End of General Knowledge ? B. The Age of the Robot ?
C. Novel Applications of the Sat-Nav D. New Perspectives on Tertiary Education
b)
Why did the middle-aged man miss the football match ?
A. Because the Sat-Nav in his car was out of order.
B. Because the taxi driver was over-dependent on technology.
C. Because he did not remember the directions to the stadiums.
D. Because the search engine in the taxi failed to work.
c)
The word “outsourced” in paragraph 2 mostly means ___.
A. assigned B. imposed C. exchanged D. submitted
d)
The word “that” in paragraph 4 refers to ___.
A. general knowledge B. the Internet C. the story D. the question
e)
The word “induce” in paragraph 4 mostly means ___.
A. limit B. ease C. promote D. cause
f)
Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. Young people do not seem to bother themselves with memorizing factual
information.
B. The majority of undergraduates are reluctant to look for answers to factual
questions online.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
C. On being offered the gift of writing, the King of the Egypt was hopeful about its
potential.
D. General knowledge tends to have been mainly acquired through formal schooling.
g)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. When it comes to IQ tests, the ability to call actual information is off little
importance.
B. David Swift believes that informal acquisition of knowledge has been overrated
these days.
C. Many universities worldwide have switched to virtual platforms for learning and
teaching.
D. Moira Jones is no positive about the potential of the Internet in general knowledge
acquisition.
Câu 3: (Bộ Giáo dục năm 2020 lần 2 mã 423)
The word 'grandparents' is descriptive of the unique dual parenting role that
this generation assume. It emphasises the vital part they play in family life. With a
wealth of old world experience behind them, and with the unique ability to
metamorphose from advisers or mediators into listeners or friends, they can offer
support and stability in an ever-changing world.
The underlying sense of responsibility that goes with this is tremendous.
Grandparents perform a balancing act between the needs of their adult children and
those of their grandchildren. This role is varied. It is imperial at times, muted at
others. It goes underground whenever required, but it is solid and absolutely
dependable.
Grandparents often bridge the gap between parents and children. Rebellious,
independent children who are trying to find their feet are almost always at loggerheads
with their parents. The role of grandparents can be very important provided that they
act as impartial judges and are able to convey this feeling to both parties.
Grandchildren, in most cases, prefer to listen to their grandparents rather than their
parents, who often end up finding themselves up against a brick wall.
One important thing, which seems to be missing in the lives of children today,
is a sense of family, values, beliefs and principles. This is where the grandparents step
in. However, instilling beliefs and values is not as easy as it was fifty or sixty years
ago. Then, no questions were asked and there was an implicit sense of trust. With
changing times and changing outlooks, children have started to question of the
validity of everything around them. Globalisation has gradually eroded children's
sense of belonging and weakened their identification with their roots. Science and
technology force them to doubt every traditional belief.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
Parents, who have so many demands on their time, are perhaps not in the best
position to instil untraditional values in their offspring. Children are very demanding
and grandparents, without appearing to be pushy, have both the time and the
experience to deal with tantrums. They can appease, soothe and impart values with
tremendous case. Any nation's traditional culture is rich and varied, but how many
children recognise this? Grandparents can teach them to value cultural traditions and
thereby inform their moral development.
(Adapted from Cambridge Vocabulary for Advanced by Simon Haines).
a) Which is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The Role of Grandparents in Children's Upbringing
B. Grandparents as Versatile Educators in Their Neighbourhoods
C. The Importance of Early Education to a Child's Academic Performance
D. The Education of Children during Their Formative Years
b) The word "metamorphose" in paragraph I could be best replaced by _______.
A. depart B. form C. change D. return
c) According to the passage, in a modern household _______.
A. children's needs should be prioritised over their parents'.
B. grandparents' rich experience can come in handy
C. children can act as a go-between for their parents
D. the role of grandparents must be imperial at all times
d) The phrase “at loggerheads" in paragraph 3 mostly means _______.
A. complaining B. disagreeing C. conversing D. sharing
e) The word "who" in paragraph 3 refers to _______.
A. parents B. judges C. children D. grandparents
f) Which of the following is TRUE, according to the passage?
A. Children nowadays have a stronger sense of family, values, beliefs, and principles.
B. Children these days have started to re-examine traditional beliefs and values.
C. As a rule, children prefer their parents' advice to their grandparents'.
D. The task of imparting knowledge and values to children was neglected in the past.
g) Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Without guidance, children may fail to appreciate the cultural traditions of their
nations.
B. In general, working parents are in the best position to impart values to their
children.
C. Compared to grandparents, parents have a stronger sense of responsibility towards
their families.
D. Children in families with grandparents tend to experience more trust issues than
others.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
Câu 4: (Đề Minh họa 2021)
A study was set up to examine the old marriage advice about whether it's more
important to be happy or to be right. Couples therapists sometimes suggest that in an
attempt to avoid constant arguments, spouses weigh up whether pressing the point is
worth the misery of marital discord.
The researchers from the University of Auckland noticed that many of their
patients were adding stress to their lives by insisting on being right, even when it
worked against their well-being. The researchers then found a couple who were
willing to record their quality of life on a scale of 1 to 10. They told the man, who
wanted to be happy more than right, about the purpose of the study and asked him to
agree with every opinion and request his wife had without complaint, even when he
profoundly didn't agree. The wife was not informed of the purpose of the study and
just asked to record her quality of life.
Things went rapidly downhill for the couple. The man's quality-of-life scores
fell, from 7 to 3, over the course of the experiment. The wife's scores rose modestly,
from 8 to 8.5, before she became hostile to the idea of recording the scores. Rather
than creating harmony, the husband's agreeableness led to the wife becoming
increasingly critical of what he did and said (in the husband's opinion). After 12 days
he broke down, and the study was called off because of "severe adverse outcomes.
The researchers concluded, shockingly, that humans need to be right and
acknowledged as right, at least some of the time, to be happy. They also noted this
was further proof that if given too much power, humans tend to assume the alpha
position and, as with chimpanzees, they become very aggressive and dangerous." It is
often said that there can be no peace without justice, and that's true of domestic
sphere.
Obviously the results are to be taken with extreme caution, since this was just
one couple with who-knows-what underlying issues beforehand. But the study's chief
author, Dr. Bruce Arroll, maintains that the question of happiness vs. rightness,
theoretically, could be settled by scientific inquiry with a wider sample. "This would
include a randomized controlled trial," he says. "However, we would be reluctant to
do the definitive study because of the concern about divorce."
(Adapted from time.com)
a) Which best serves as the title for the passage?
A. Expert Advice: It Pays to be Kind rather than to be Right
B. It's Worth Listening to Experts for a Happy Marriage
C. Marriage Experiment: It's Better to be Right than Happy
D. It Makes Sense to Avoid Marriage Conflicts
b) The word "discord" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. disagreement B. status C. understanding D. disloyalty
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
c) In paragraph 1, the study was conducted in order to
A. illustrate how to live a happier life B. test an old piece of advice on marriage
C. find out the best advice for couples D. see if people are happy in their marriage
d) The word "critical" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to
A. agreeable B. disapproving C. unequal D. encouraging
e)
The word “They” in paragraph 4 refers to
A. researchers B. results C. chimpanzees D. humans
f)
Which of the following is NOT true, according to the passage?
A. The woman in the study was kept in the dark about its aim.
B. It was anticipated that people need to be regarded as right to be happy.
C. Having too much power in hand may lead to aggression among people.
D. In domestic sphere, peace can hardly be maintained without justice.
g)
Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 5?
A. The findings of the study are inconclusive due to its limited sample.
B. Studies of this kind will ultimately lead to divorce among the subjects.
C. Further research on the issue will definitely be conducted with a larger sample.
D. The researchers are willing to continue the study despite its bad influence.
Câu 5: (Bộ Giáo dục năm 2021 lần 1 mã 409)
Today, text-messaging has probably become young people's most common
form of communication. Some teachers think that because of this, young people are
not writing correctly at school. They fear that once students get used to it, they will
find it hard to switch back to using correct grammar and spelling. How did things
begin this way?
It all began with e-mail, online chat rooms, and games. Then step by step
young people made sentences, phrases and words shorter. As text messaging
continued to become popular, people invented more and more words. Today, it is like
a real language with its own grammar and vocabulary. The growth of text-messaging
has raised an important question: As students become fluent in text-messaging, do
their writing skills suffer?
People have different ideas about the effects of text-messaging on students'
writing skills. Some say that students are losing the ability to write long, correct
sentences. Others say that text-messaging is having a good effect on the language
students use in their schoolwork. It shows that they are creative and good at
expressing themselves. And if students can keep the two systems separate - one for
text-messaging and one for school - this will help students appreciate reading and
writing more.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
Some people suggest that one way to reduce the bad effects of text-messaging
is to find ways to use technology as a positive learning tool. For example, students can
be allowed to type their assignments in a cell phone message and send them to their
teachers, but they must type correctly. In this way, students are using the technology
that they are familiar with to communicate in a form of language suitable for
schoolwork. It shows students that text-messaging is fine for social communication,
but correct grammar and spelling are necessary for communication in school.
a)
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. How can Teachers Teach Text messaging ?
B. What can be Done to Increase the Quality of Text-messaging ?
C. How have Schools Changed Technology ?
D. What is Text-messaging Doing to Students' Writing ?
b)
The word “switch” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A. look B. change C. send D. give
c)
The word invented in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A. described B. created C. guessed D. explained
d)
According to paragraph 3, how can text messaging affect students' writing?
A. Students no longer use handwriting for their schoolwork.
B. Students' ability to write long, correct sentences is gradually decreasing.
C. Students will lose interest in their school writing.
D. Students are losing their creativity in writing.
e)
The word them in paragraph 4 refers to
A. assignments B. students C. people D. effects
f)
Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Text-messaging has probably become the most common form of communication
for young people.
B. Correct grammar and spelling are not important for communication in school.
C. Text-messaging is like a real language with its own grammar and vocabulary.
D. People have different opinions about the effects of text-messaging on students'
writing skills.
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Chuyên đề 22: Đọc hiểu (7 câu)
g)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. Text-messaging can help students write more correctly.
B. Students should know how to use text-messaging properly for their purposes.
C. Text-messaging has been accepted as an official language.
D. Students should know how to use standard language in all circumstances.
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