24 Chuyên đề ôn thi THPT môn Tiếng Anh năm 2022 - Mức độ vận dụng - Chuyên đề 11: Rút gọn mệnh đề với phân từ hiện tại/ quá khứ

Chuyên đề 11: Rút gọn mệnh đề với phân từ hiện tại/ quá khứ
MỨC ĐỘ VẬN DỤNG
Rút gọn mệnh đề
1) Dùng cụm Ving: Dùng cho các mệnh đề chủ động.
Ex: The girl who is sitting next to you is my sister.
-> The girl sitting next to you is my sister.
2) Dùng cụm Phân từ hai: Dùng cho các mệnh đề bị động.
Ex: The house which is being built now belongs to Mr. John
-> The house built now belongs to Mr. John.
3) Dùng cụm động từ nguyên mẫu (to V-inf): Dùng khi danh từ đứng trước có các
từ bổ nghĩa như:
-ONLY,LAST,số thứ tự như: FIRST,SECOND 
Ex: He is the last man who left the ship.
-> He is the last man to leave the ship.
-Động từ là HAVE/HAD
Ex: He had something that he could/ had to do.
-> He had something to do.
-Đầu câu có HERE (BE),THERE (BE)
There are six letters which have to be written today.
-> There are six letters to be written today.
GHI NHỚ : Trong phần to inf này các bạn cần nhớ 2 điều sau:
- Nếu chủ ngữ 2 mệnh đề khác nhau thì thêm cụm for sb trước to inf.
Ex: We have some picture books that children can read.
-> We have some picture books for children to read.
- Nếu chủ ngữ đó là đại từ có nghĩa chung chung như we,you,everyone . thì có thể
không cần ghi ra.
Ex: Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about.
-> Studying abroad is wonderful (for us ) to think about.
- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu. ( đây là lỗi dễ sai
nhất).
Ex: We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.
-> We have a peg to hang our coat on.
4) Dùng cụm danh từ (đồng cách danh từ): Dùng khi mệnh đề tính từ có dạng: S +
BE + DANH TỪ /CỤM DANH TỪ/CỤM GIỚI TỪ
Cách làm: -bỏ who ,which và be
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Chuyên đề 11: Rút gọn mệnh đề với phân từ hiện tại/ quá khứ
Ex:
Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health.
Football, a popular sport, is very good for health.
We visited Barcelona, which is a city in northern Spain
-> We visited Barcelona, a city in northern Spain.
Câu 1: (THPT Đồng Đậu - Vĩnh Phúc lần 3)
Neil Armstrong was the first man ___ on the moon.
A. to walk B. has walked C. walking D. walked
Câu 2: (THPT Triệu Sơn 1 - Thanh Hóa lần 2)
I have a message for people ___ by the traffic chaos.
A. to delay B. who delay C. delayed D. who delaying
Câu 3: (THPT chuyên Hùng Vương - Gia Lai)
___, he began to make friends more easily.
A. Having entered school in the new city, it was found that.
B. After entering the new school.
C. When he had been entering the new school.
D. Upon entering into the new school.
Câu 4: (Sở Vũng Tàu)
Marie Curie was the first and only woman ___ two Nobel prizes.
A. won B. to be won C. to have won D. that win
Câu 5: (Liên trường Nghệ An)
___ the book, I wrote down some notes.
A. Being read B. Read C. To read D. Having read
Câu 6: (THPT Thuận Thành số 1 - Bắc Ninh lần 2)
___ advised on what and how to prepare for the interview, he might have got the job.
A. Had he been B. Unless he had been C. If he had D. Were he to be
Câu 7: (THPT Quảng Xương 1)
University students ___ in linguistics may take courses including phonetic, semantics,
and pragmatics.
A. major B. to major C. majored D. majoring
Câu 8: (Sở Hưng Yên)
___ it further with her husband, she decided to accept the job offer.
A. After discuss B. Discussing C. Discussed D. Having discussed
Câu 9: (Sở Thanh Hóa)
___ all the exercises, she went to bed.
A. To do B. Having done C. Being done D. Had done
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Chuyên đề 11: Rút gọn mệnh đề với phân từ hiện tại/ quá khứ
Câu 10: (Sở Thái Nguyên đợt 2)
___ every major judo title, Mark retired from international competitions.
A. Winning B. Having won C. Won D. To win
Câu 11: (THPT Thành Nhân - TPHCM)
___ for eight hours, they were exhausted.
A. Walk B. To walk C. Walked D. Having walked
Câu 12: (Sở Tiền Giang)
___ well in the interview, she hopes to be given the job.
A. To perform B. Be performed C. Performed D. Having performed
Câu 13: (THPT Ngô Quyền - Quảng Ninh)
___ at by everyone, he was disappointed.
A. Laughed B. Being laugh C. To laugh D. Laughing
Câu 14: (Sở Hà Nam)
___ the age of 21, he was able to gamble in Las Vegas.
A. When reached B. Reached C. As reaching D. Upon reaching
Câu 15: (Sở Quảng Bình)
___ to the party, we could hardly refuse to go.
A. Having invited B. To have invited
C. Having been invited D. To have been invited
Câu 16: (Sở Ninh Bình)
___ the instructions twice, I still couldn’t understand how to use this machine.
A. Being read B. Read C. Having read D. To read
Câu 17: (Sở Hải Phòng)
___ for three sport teams, Barry didn’t have enough time to study.
A. Having signed up B. Signed up
C. To sign up D. Being signed up
Câu 18: (THPT chuyên Nguyễn Quang Diêu - lần 1)
___ a terrible toothache, Felicia called the dentist for an appointment.
A. Having had B. To have C. Have D. Having
Câu 19: (THPT Đông Hà - Quảng Trị)
___ the Nobel Prize, he retired from politics.
A. Received B. Having received C. Being received D. Receive
Câu 20: (THPT Nguyễn Huệ - Đắk Lắk lần 1)
___ through difficult times together, they were very close friends.
A. They lived B. Having lived C. After lived D. To live
Câu 21: (Sở Nghệ An - đợt 2)
When Barack Obama was elected president in 2008, he became the first African
American ___ in the office.
A. to have served B. serves C. to serve D. served
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Chuyên đề 11: Rút gọn mệnh đề với phân từ hiện tại/ quá khứ
Câu 22: (Sở Thái Bình)
___ an Oscar, she’s now one of the A-list stars in Hollywood.
A. Won B. To win C. Being won D. Having won
Câu 23: (THPT Thị xã Quảng Trị lần 2)
___ for 26 miles in the marathon, the runners were exhausted at the end of the race.
A. Having run B. Being run C. To run D. Ran
Câu 24: (Sở Bắc Ninh)
___ the book, I wrote down some notes.
A. Being read B. Read C. To read D. Having read
Câu 25: (cụm Ninh Bình - Tam Điệp)
___ a scholarship to one of the Ivy leagues, I enjoyed the highest quality of education
in the world.
A. To award B. To be awarded
C. Having been awarded D. Having awarded
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